Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases

Important and common diseases affecting the thyroid and parathyroid glands: Please click the following links for detailed information.

Thyroid Diseases:

  1. Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland is underactive, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and depression.
  2. Hyperthyroidism: An overactive thyroid gland, causing symptoms such as weight loss, anxiety, and rapid heartbeat.
  3. Goiter: An enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
  4. Thyroid Nodules: Lumps in the thyroid gland, which are usually benign but can sometimes be cancerous.
  5. Thyroid Cancer: Although generally treatable, it requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  6. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: An autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, often leading to hypothyroidism.
  7. Graves’ Disease: Another autoimmune disorder, but it leads to hyperthyroidism.

Parathyroid Diseases:

  1. Hyperparathyroidism: Excessive production of parathyroid hormone, leading to high levels of calcium in the blood and can cause osteoporosis, kidney stones, and other issues.
  2. Hypoparathyroidism: Insufficient production of parathyroid hormone, resulting in low calcium levels in the blood and symptoms like muscle cramps and tingling in the fingers.
  3. Parathyroid Cancer: A rare form of cancer affecting the parathyroid glands.
  4. Parathyroid Adenoma: A benign tumor of the parathyroid gland, which is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism.

These thyroid and parathyroid diseases can have a significant impact on overall health, affecting metabolism, bone health, and more. Treatments vary based on the specific condition and can include medication, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery. Early diagnosis and effective management are crucial for optimal health outcomes.